∫x²/(x²+1)dx
=∫ (x²+1-1)/(x²+1)dx
=∫ 1-[1/(x²+1)]dx
=x-arctanx+C
令x = tanu,x²+1=tan²u+1=sec²u,dx = sec²u du
= ∫ tan²u/sec⁴u * (sec²u du)
= ∫ sin²u/cos²u * cos²u du
= ∫ (1 - cos2u)/2 du
= u/2 - (1/4)sin2u + C
= (1/2)arctanx - (1/2) * x/√(1 + x²) * 1/√(1 + x²) + C
= (1/2)arctanx - x/[2(1 + x²)] + C